1818-02-26 Removal Registration: Florah, Susan

Research Tips

To learn about the removal registration system in New Jersey, see What Is a Removal Certificate? You can use the Removal Records Index to review all removal registrations by origin, destination, and other criteria.

This event is related to a notorious slave trading ring in Middlesex County, New Jersey. See our guide to the Van Wickle Slave Trading Ring for more information.
Identifier
NJS-EVE-00223
Source
Middlesex County Manumissions and Removals, page 236
Middlesex County Manumissions and Removals, page 241

Middlesex County Manumissions and Removals, pages 236 and 241. Middlesex County (N.J.). Records, 1688-1929 (MC 784.1). Vol. XI. Special Collections and University Archives, Rutgers University Libraries.
Event Description
A removal certificate authorizing enslaver Nicholas Van Wickle to remove Florah, an enslaved woman aged 23, and her daughter Susan, aged 7 months, from the State of New Jersey was issued by the Court of Common Pleas of Middlesex County on February 26, 1818. The certificate was signed by two judges (Jacob Van Wickle and John Outcalt). The document stated that Florah was examined by the judges and consented to move with Nicholas Van Wickle from Middlesex County, NJ, to Pointe Coupee, Louisiana, there to serve Nicholas Van Wickle and Charles Morgan or either of them (although only Nicholas Van Wickle appeared in court according to the certificate).

The certificate was recorded by the County Clerk (William P. Deare) on May 20, 1818, on p. 236 of the Middlesex County Book of Manumissions and Removals. A related document, dated April 23, 1818, appears on p. 241 listing Susan among the young children who were sent to Louisiana.

Florah and Susan were two of the victims of the slave trading ring that revolved around Judge Jacob Van Wickle. Van Wickle and his associates exploited loopholes in New Jersey law in order to enrich themselves through the interstate slave trade. In 1818, Van Wickle falsified many removal certificates, signing the certificates without the consent of the enslaved people named in the documents, and then putting enslaved New Jerseyans on ships bound for Louisiana.

The details listed in the removal certificates issued by Jacob Van Wickle in 1818 are questionable. The dates of the supposed court appearances, the recorded ages, and the family circumstances of the enslaved individuals listed in the documents might have been falsified. Particularly in the case of enslaved children, Van Wickle was known to add years to their ages, and he also may have falsely recorded that children did not have parents in New Jersey. This was done to circumvent the New Jersey law that required parental consent before enslaved minors could be taken out of the state.
Event Type
Removal Registration
Keywords
Removal signed by Judge Jacob Van Wickle
Removal of mother and child
Removal of person eligible for gradual emancipation
Date
February 26, 1818
Date Certainty
Questionable
Location of Event
South River
Morganza, Louisiana
Primary Participants

Florah (b. ca. 1795) {mother of Susan}
Person identifier: NJS-PER-00671
Role: Relocated Person
Age: 23
Status: Enslaved
Enslaver(s) of this participant:
- Nicholas Van Wickle (1796-1865)
- Charles Morgan (1775-1848)
Verbatim description from source:
"female slave named Florah aged twenty three"

Susan (b. 1817) {daughter of Flora}
Person identifier: NJS-PER-00672
Role: Relocated Person
Age category: Infant
Status: Enslaved
Enslaver(s) of this participant:
- Nicholas Van Wickle (1796-1865)
- Charles Morgan (1775-1848)
Verbatim description from source:
"female child named Susan aged seven months"
Additional Participants

Nicholas Van Wickle (1796-1865)
Person identifier: NJS-PER-00072
Role: Enslaver
Comment: obtained removal certificate in New Jersey

Charles Morgan (1775-1848)
Person identifier: NJS-PER-00073
Role: Enslaver
Comment: prospective enslaver in Louisiana

Jacob Van Wickle (1770-1854)
Person identifier: NJS-PER-00068
Role: Judge

John Outcalt (1770-1853)
Person identifier: NJS-PER-00035
Role: Judge

William Philips Deare (d. 1826)
Person identifier: NJS-PER-00008
Role: County Clerk
Record Contributor
Jesse Bayker
Resource class
Event